As shown in the diagram, the test board header and carrier can be set-up for TDR, S-Parameter, and eye pattern testing. With TDR testing, a 35 picosecond rising signal is input to the board, and typically results in a rise time of approximately 38-40 picoseconds at the header. The impedance of SMA connections is typically 50 (+/- 5) Ohms at a 40 picosecond rise time. With S-Parameter and Eye Pattern testing, SMA and test board losses will be included in the measurement unless calibrated out using the calibration traces and structures provided. SMA connectors will need to be installed for calibration traces in order to eliminate board loss and impedance mismatch of the SMA connections.